MikroElektronika PIC Microcontrollers PIC16 Manuel d'utilisateur Page 72
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- Table des matières
- MARQUE LIVRES
Noté. / 5. Basé sur avis des utilisateurs
mikroBASIC
- Basic Compiler for Microchip PIC microcontrollers
In order to fully understand this, we should recollect the data types.
Data type determines not only the range of values variable can hold, but also the
amount of RAM space it consumes. This is fundamental in practical programming.
Let's assume that our destination variable C is a byte, consuming 8 bits of PIC
RAM, spanning values 0 to 255. Now observe what really happens inside the PIC:
the result should be 369, but in binary representation it equals (1)01110001.
Because C is limited to 8 bits it will store the lower 8 bits while dropping the rest
of the information (the most significant bit). 01110001 equals 113 in decimal rep-
resentation.
dim testA as byte
dim testB as byte
dim Cc as word
main:
testA = 250
testB = 10
Cc = testA + testB
' this will always be correct because
' range for Cc is 0..65535 and maximum result
' of adding two bytes is only 255 + 255 = 510
end.
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=
+
+
1 01 11 100
0 00 0 00 01
1 1 1 10000
=
Lets see what happens
when we add two bytes
and assign result to
byte
First byte has value
241 and its binary
representation is
11110001
Second byte has value
128 and its binary
representation is
10000000
1
Result has 9 bits.
Because destination
byte can hold only 8
bits, the most
significant bit is lost
As byte3 holds
01110001, result is 113
instead of 369. Most
significant bit is lost:
(1)01110001
byte3
byte2 byte1
- MikroElektronika 1
- Table of Contents 2
- To readers note 5
- C H A P T E R 6
- CODE EDITOR 8
- Advanced Editor Features 9
- Comment / 10
- Uncomment Icon 10
- CODE EXPLORER 11
- CREATING FIRST PROJECT 12
- Compile Icon 15
- Debug Icon 15
- PROJECTS 18
- Managing Source Files 19
- Compile and Link Source Code 21
- DEBUGGER 22
- ERROR WINDOW 24
- ASSEMBLY VIEW 25
- STATISTICS 26
- Chapter 27
- Procedures (Details) Window 28
- INTEGRATED TOOLS 29
- KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS 31
- Reference 33
- IDENTIFIERS 34
- KEYWORDS 35
- DATA TYPES 36
- For example: 38
- Numerals 40
- Character Strings 40
- CONSTANTS 41
- VARIABLES 44
- Additional 45
- ' beginning of a module 46
- COMMENTS 48
- EXPRESSIONS 49
- DECLARATIONS AND STATEMENTS 51
- Statements 52
- DIRECTIVES 53
- ' byte at the same time 54
- ' example for P16F877A 54
- PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS 55
- ' some code 56
- ' routine 56
- ' case end 58
- Main Unit File 61
- Compiler 62
- Output Generator 62
- SCOPE (IDENTIFIER VISIBILITY) 63
- PROGRAM ORGANIZATION 65
- TYPE CONVERSION 67
- Example 1: 68
- Example 2: 69
- Example 3: 69
- ' B becomes $00ff 70
- ' B becomes -10 71
- ' C becomes 213 71
- 1 01 11 100 72
- 0 00 0 00 01 72
- 1 1 1 10000 72
- OPERATORS 78
- Runtime Behavior 80
- Arithmetic Operators 81
- Specific 83
- Boolean Operators 84
- Logical (Bitwise) Operators 85
- ' Bb becomes $00a0 86
- ' Bb becomes $70f4 86
- Overview 89
- Rules for 89
- Comparing 89
- Expressions 89
- CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS 92
- Select Case Statement 93
- If Statement 95
- Examples 96
- For Statement 98
- Do..Loop Until Statement 100
- While Statement 101
- ASM Statement 102
- PIC MCU SPECIFIC 103
- COMPILER ERROR MESSAGES 106
- Library Routines 109
- Built-in and 109
- BUILT-IN ROUTINES 110
- LIBRARY ROUTINES 112
- 1-Wire Library 113
- PIC16F877 115
- ADC Library 116
- Figure (ADC HW connection) 117
- CAN Library 118
- CAN_OP_MODE 124
- CAN_TX_MSG_FLAGS 124
- CAN_RX_MSG_FLAGS 125
- CAN_MASK 125
- CAN_FILTER 126
- CAN_CONFIG_FLAGS 126
- PCA82C250 129
- Shielded pair, less 129
- CANSPI Library 130
- CAN Library Constants 136
- Compact Flash Library 139
- Compact Flash Connector 144
- (TOP VIEW) 144
- Compact Flash Card 144
- EEPROM Library 145
- I2C Library 146
- LCD Library 150
- Commands 151
- Figure: LCD HW connection 152
- PWM Library 153
- Figure: PWM demonstration 154
- RS485 Library 155
- RS485slave_write 158
- Connecting PC and PIC via 160
- RS485 communication line 160
- SPI Library 161
- Value Meaning 163
- 8. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8 165
- USART Library 166
- Figure: RS232 HW connection 168
- Numeric Formatting Routines 169
- Utilities 171
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